| Columbus, Ohio 43210 | 614-292-6181 Rotate beans so that they do not grow in the same location more than every three years. All https://www.barchart.com/solutions/ is provided by Barchart Solutions. Factors such as damping-off and pressure from bean leaf beetle are concerns to keep in mind, as well as the possibility of a late spring frost. If you must plant deeper than 1.5 inches in order to place the seed into uniform moisture, make sure the variety has an excellent emergence score or long hypocotyl. But we do affect weed control, he says. However, do we still need to adjust our seeding rate for planting date, tillage, or row spacing? Seven factors for deciding whether to replant after hail or other sources of crop injury. Particularly with compaction (both surface and sidewall compaction) at planting time. window.mc4wp.listeners.push( 0000015255 00000 n (NDSU photo). In June, the soybeans planted in 30-inch rows looked better than the soybeans planted in 15 and 7.5-inch row widths. For more information on impacts of these decisions in Michigan, please read our Michigan State University Extension article on soybean planting considerations. If planting in wide rows (24 to 30 inches), planting rates to reach the optimum yield were about 190,000 PLS per acre. Should new corn growers invest in a grain drill or a corn planter? On average a farmer in Iowa spends $25 per acre on seeds (Figure 1). In the Farm Journal Test Plots, Ferrie explored the performance of bush beans compared to narrow-row soybeans. Soybean costs ($ per acre) for seed and herbicide; Research Institution. Plant soybeans at 0.75-1.75 inches deep. It is all about weed management if you have to plant late. Below is a short summary of what we found out regarding impacts of planting date, seeding rate and row spacing. If the field has a history of disease during seedling emergence, a fungicide treatment may be desirable. An important consideration when selecting the correct seeding rate is that seeds planted per acre will not be the same as plants per acre. However, careful planning is required to minimize risks associated with early planting. Changes to the USDA-RMA earliest planting date Fig. The University of Minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. Stems and leaves are hairy. This is especially true in hitting your yield targets. In Michigan, we estimate a yield reduction of 7% when planting soybean on May 31 compared to May 1, with majority of decline occurring after mid-May. Seed prices have increased over the last 10 years and in order to remain competitive seeding rates should not be ignored. Seeds range from black to gray, brown, green, yellow, white, and striped. 0000075510 00000 n (Our early May planting date in northeastern Ohio in 2013 was damaged by bean leaf beetle and two frosts that occurred mid-May.). The goal is to get the best results from the potential of the genetics, says Licht. A cheap and effective option is to reconfigure the planting units on drills or air seeders set up on 7.5-inch rows so that none of the gauge wheels run over the old corn row. 0000022352 00000 n 0000080119 00000 n Although early planting is important to maximize yield, planting into a wet seedbed can result in compaction and soil crusting which could reduce stand establishment and yield. 116 Agricultural Administration2120 Fyffe Road Newsletter is produced by the Ohio State University Extension Agronomy Team, state specialists at The Ohio State University and the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC). Adequate soil moisture is the most important factor affecting soybean germination. 0000148383 00000 n Last spring, I visited a sandy field of drilled soybeans that were emerging slowly and unevenly. Whether to plant longer- or shorter-season varieties. Having someone watch the planter perpendicular to the direction of travel can help to ensure that the row units maintain contact with the soil. The sowing date was 10 May 2022. . SMaRT is a partnership between MSU Extension and the Michigan Soybean Checkoff program. 0000108938 00000 n Phone: 740-223-4043, 2023| 2120 Fyffe Road | Room 3 Ag Admin Bldg. Soybeans branch out and can produce high yields even at relatively low plant densities. It has previously been an insurance to overseed just to be sure that we received the proper stand since seeds were not very expensive, but who can afford this today? Soybeans grow best in loose, well-drained soil rich in organic matter. Examples include planting to soil moisture with limited rainfall in the forecast or planting below a pre-emergence . Table 2. Timely planting of soybean is critical in achieving high soybean yields. We comply with the Federal Trade Commission 1998 Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). Haul manure? soybean fungicide seed treatment may want to reconsider this spring, Identifying and managing sudden death syndrome in soybeans, Helena introduces two new sustainable brands, XtremeAg farmers share wins and lessons of 2022 growing season, plans for 2023. The 4-H Name and Emblem have special protections from Congress, protected by code 18 USC 707. Economic yield also must be considered based on seed costs and soybean market prices., NDSU Agriculture Communication - April 26, 2021, Source: Greg Endres, 701-652-2951, gregory.endres@ndsu.edu, Source: Hans Kandel, 701-231-8135, hans.kandel@ndsu.edu, Editor: Ellen Crawford, 701-231-5391, ellen.crawford@ndsu.edu. Information is provided 'as is' and solely for informational purposes, not for trading purposes or advice. Blanch green soybeans in boiling water for a couple of minutes and then plunge them into an ice-water bath. In-Depth Look: Soybean . Plant seeds at a depth of 1-2 inches. Our trial located at the Western Agricultural Research Station in Clark County was planted the end of May (pictured below). Plant soybeans in late winter in warm-winter regions. Across the U.S., narrow rows ( 15 inches) out-yielded wide rows ( 30 inches) 69% of the time. The soybean variety was Jindou 37 with a row spacing of 0.3 m 0.5 m and a plant spacing of 0.5 m in a north-south direction. forms: { We comply with the Federal Trade Commission 1998 Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). Double, triple and quadruple check to make sure that you are getting your desired seeding depth and seed spacing. Soybeans can be grown in containers 8 inches deep, the space required for a useable crop makes soybeans a poor choice for container growing. Some are planting beans before corn, says Licht. How to Plant, Grow, and Harvest Cucumbers, Cucumber Varieties: Best Bets and Easy-to-Grow, How to Plant, Grow, and Harvest Hot Peppers, Care and Feeding Vegetables in Containers, Grow Bags: Best Vegetable Varieties to Grow, Balcony and Rooftop Vegetable Garden Basics. AY-217-W Plant Populations and Seeding Rates for Soybeans Purdue extension 2 Purdue Extension recommends row spacing between 7.5 and 15 inches for maximum soybean yield. Regardless of planting date and row spacing, select varieties with good tolerance and/or resistance to Phytophthora root rot. His Vegetable Garden Growers Masterclass is available online. Planting date strongly influences soybean yield. Futures: at least 10 minute delayed. Select a cultivar suited to your growing region; check with the nearby agricultural extension for recommendations. Soybean row spacing used by growers varies widely across the U.S. Check out the Michigan Manure Hauler Certification Program! At a fixed row width, as plant population increases the plant spacing within the row decreases and interplant competition increases. An important consideration would be that as plant population increases the available source (light) per plant decreases. Michigan State University Extension programs and materials are open to all without regard to race, color, national origin, gender, gender identity, religion, age, height, weight, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, marital status, family status or veteran status. Planting into a poor seedbed, use of poor quality seed, inaccurate planter adjustment, planting too fast, soil crusting, soil moisture extremes, and environmentally induced plant injuries such as herbicide drift, pathogens, insects, hail, or frost all reduce plant population requiring a greater seeding rate. 0000118763 00000 n Soybean Soybean planting Planting is the most critical management period for soybean production. The best soybean yields occur on well-drained, but not sandysoils having a pH of 6.5 or above. Recommended soybean seeding rates in Minnesota. But take time to take extra care. "When lowering populations, treat soybean planting more like you treat corn planting," he advises. "Consider how to achieve uniform seed placement by looking at factors such as seedbed. Mike Staton, Michigan State University Extension - The "new" seeding rate guideline for optimum planting conditions are: It is not a secret that planting 20 to 30% more seed than we really need is an expensive insurance. They are generally grown in a crop rotation with corn, creating good risk management for both crops by breaking disease, insect, and weed cycles, as well as managing farm workflow. Recommended seeding rates vary considerably, but are often around 25% higher than the target plant population. 0000016118 00000 n 1. Harvesttotable.com has more than 10 million visitors each year. Planting Depth. Across the U.S., narrow rows ( 15 inches) out-yielded wide rows ( 30 inches) 69% of the time. } 24 - 36 (60-90 cm.) 0000231392 00000 n Haul manure? Figure 1. 0000223754 00000 n You do not need to increase your seeding rate if you are using a 15 inch row spacing compared to a 30 inch row spacing. The minimum stand for maximizing soybean yields, and factors that affect this. Signs of an economic slowdown are flashing in the global diesel market, according to Bloomberg News. The 30-inch plot pictured below yielded 59 bu/acre while the 15 and 7.5-inch plots pictured below yielded 81 and 85 bu/acre, respectively. One should, however, consider planting fullest-season soybean varieties earliest. In eastern North Dakota, the combination of narrow rows (12 to 14 inches) and planting rates of about 170,000 PLS per acre provided optimum yield. It is important to place the seed into the ground at a precise depth and in firm contact with the soil. Research findings on Minnesota soybean seeding rates. To contact an expert in your area, visit https://extension.msu.edu/experts, or call 888-MSUE4MI (888-678-3464). If topsoil moisture is lacking, use the deeper placement, but never plant deeper than 1 inches. . This article was published by Michigan State University Extension. Soybean (Glycine max L.) is an important leguminous crop [1] which belongs to family Fabaceae. Dakota Gardener: Finding love in a corn field, Prairie Fare: Spring cleaning can make kitchens safer. CFAES Diversity | Nondiscrimination notice|Site Map, Soybean Planting Date, Seeding Rate, and Row Width, 2023 The Ohio State University, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Isolation Requirements for Identity Preserved (IP) Non-GMO Corn Production, The Dirt on Soil Health: Investing Below the Surface, Crop Diversity to Improve Your Bottom Line, https://stepupsoy.osu.edu/soybean-production/ohio-agronomy-guide-15th-edition, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, 2120 Fyffe Road | Room 3 Ag Admin Bldg. Over the last decade, NY has grown more than twice as much soybeans. For an accessible format of this publication, visit cfaes.osu.edu/accessibility. This site designed and maintained by CFAES Marketing and Communications. 0000201137 00000 n Soybeans grow best where the daytime temperature averages between 60F and 70F (16-21C). Soybean plant population in plants per foot of row for different row spacing's. Plant spacing in the field is very important and plays a significant role in determining plant growth and development. The planting season is hectic. Agriculture and Natural Resources Once planting season begins, it is of utmost importance to follow best practices for safety and environmental stewardship. 0000011661 00000 n Some of the new growers are from areas that are not in the rotation for wheat. Crop-Tech Consulting has a detailed list on just how low you can go with your planting populations. Row spacing of 15 - 20 inches has proven to increase yields and help plants to . Wet weather can delay wheat planting, but issues such as these can be overcome if you factor variety selection, rotations, seeding depth and rate into your planting decisions. 0000078352 00000 n Soybean germination starts when the seed imbibes approximately 50% of the seed weight in water, swelling the seed and starting the process of cell division. Planting best practices Open all | Close all General guidelines When and how to plant soybean Seeding rates Handling delays and damage Open all | Although there have been concerns surrounding this practice in the past, an understanding of row spacing and soybean growth patterns can play a significant role in integrated weed management. 0000023066 00000 n This might be a bit deeper than most of us are used to planting. For more information, visit https://extension.msu.edu. When planting no-tillage glyphosate-resistant soybeans, such as Roundup Ready, a burn-down herbicide should be used before or at the time of planting if significant weed cover is present. 0000112967 00000 n Seed depth and spacing Seed depth will mostly depend on soil type and soil conditions at planting time. 0000012838 00000 n Much talk has focused on plant population and seeding rate over the last decade, and with higher seed prices this will remain an important management decision. Seeding rate or planting rate refers to the number of soybean seeds planted per acre to attain a certain plant population. This procedure is discussed in more detail in the Michigan State University Extension article, Reconfiguring planting units on no-till drills to improve soybean planting performance.. Here is your complete guide to growing soybeans. Space beans about 4-6 inches away from one another with 24 inches between rows. Ideal planting conditions Soybean has delicate seed, so it benefits when planted about 1.5 inches deep, modestly firmed into the seed furrow, covered by relatively loose soil and into soils that are 60 to 70 degrees Fahrenheit. 0000023501 00000 n 0000201209 00000 n 0000080959 00000 n Increasing the seeding rate by 15 to 30% over desired final plant stand to compensate for plant loss is a good estimate. Soybeans are not frost-tolerant. The first step to successful soybean planting and subsequent harvest is seed selection. Guide to evaluating crop damage and deciding whether to replant. A fact sheet is available to be downloaded (pdf file) on soybean plant population. Soybeans have a long history of production in Pennsylvania and because of the climate, it's a crop that lends itself well to double-crop soybean production. Proper Planting Depth for Corn & Soybeans Pioneer Seeds United States 22.2K subscribers Subscribe 13 Share 4K views 3 years ago Pioneer Field Agronomist Jesse Moch shows you the proper. The term plant population refers to the number of soybean plants per acre. However, planting too early (before field conditions are adequate) comes with a risk. USDA shows 8% of the nation's corn crop and 4% of the U.S. soybean crop is now planted. Table 4. Soybeans normally are planted the last two weeks of May, or after corn planting is finished. All told, the standard, rubber closing wheel provided the best corn emergence under low down-force and emergence was not statistically different from aftermarket closing wheels operated at either low or high pressure. Reference to commercial products or trade names does not imply endorsement by MSU Extension or bias against those not mentioned. With conventional tillage glyphosate-resistant soybeans, it is recommended glyphosate be applied 24 to30 days after planting. Warmer temperatures and a drier forecast are pointing to the possibility of more farmers starting to plant across the Midwest this week. Lawn Seed Spreader, Precision Garden Seeder, Handheld Seeding Machine, Corn Cotton Soybean Peanut Planter, Planting Depth 3.5-7.8 cm,7 Mouths : . was grown for seed grain at the USDA-ARS Conservation and Production Laboratory (CPRL), Soil and Water Management Research Unit (SWMRU), Bushland, Texas (Lat. (function() { How to avoid yield loss with late-planted soybeans. Each fuzzy pod contains 2 to 4 seeds. The best and worst conditions to plant in. Nevertheless, most producers have resisted lowering their planting rates accordingly. 0000223869 00000 n 0000231041 00000 n Spacing. At a given plant population, as row spacing decreases the plant spacing within the row increases and results in a more equidistant plant spacing. Licht says seed placement and spacing are not as crucial with soybeans as with corn. The 15-inch row seems to be the soybean sweet spot, especially for the Grain Belt. 3. Plant spacing should be thought of as existing in two directions: 1) within row spacing and 2) between row spacing. It is quite obvious that we may develop new seeding rate recommendations in the future. 0000013233 00000 n The number of seeds planted per foot of row is based on 85 percent germination and an optimum population of approximately 150,000 plants per acre for full-season beans. Agronomic studies over the past 20 years have often shown that the chance of getting yield increases as plant population moves above 100,000 plants per acre is small. Across North Dakota or by regions, narrow rows (less than 15 inches) consistently provided greatest soybean yield. 0000112915 00000 n To have a digest of information delivered straight to your email inbox, visit https://extension.msu.edu/newsletters. If an insecticide/fungicide seed treatment is used, seeding rates can be reduced by 10,000 to 20,000 seeds per acre. But gaps of a foot or more between plants mean you need to adjust your planter settings. MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. I typically had more trouble calls with soybean emergence from deep placement below 1.25 inches deep. Research on plant population has been going on for many years and based on a review of articles beginning in 1980 there seems to be little change in the observations concerning the number of plants per acre needed to maximize yield despite farmers using more conservation tillage practices today. We connect with people in all stages of life, from young children to older adults. If the pH level is less than 6, treat with lime. There are more than 10,000 soybean cultivars. With these conditions, emergence can typically be expected 2-3 weeks after planting. What about the whole story on seeding rate versus economics? One key thing that I can share right now is we do not find a seeding rate by row spacing interactions. 48 - 60 (90-150 cm.) His extension, research and teaching program is focused on how to holistically manage Iowa cropping systems to achieve productivity, profitability and en ISU Extension and Outreach Over three seasons (2020-2022) the Delaware Soybean Board supported research observing different planting dates for soybeans, which ranged from April 12 th to June 4 th, depending on the year . of Wisconsin-Madison Extension machinery ag systems specialist and Seth Naeve, UMN Extension soybean agronomist. Across North Dakota and row spacings, the planting rate of about 170,000 pure live seeds (PLS) per acre optimized soybean seed yield. We know from studies that we've done clear back in 1992, already, that we can pull those bean populations below 120,000 and not affect yield. Dont test your planter only in the farmyard, but rather with your planter in the ground and at speed. Can produce high yields even at relatively low plant densities soybean is critical in achieving soybean... ; he advises we still need to adjust your planter only in the field has a of! Planted the end of may, or call 888-MSUE4MI ( 888-678-3464 ) into an ice-water.... For recommendations an insecticide/fungicide seed treatment is used, seeding rate versus economics seems to be downloaded ( file! Never plant deeper than 1 inches utmost importance to follow best practices safety. Spacing in the same location more than every three years another with 24 inches between rows planting... Of this publication, visit https: //www.barchart.com/solutions/ is provided by Barchart.. And spacing seed depth will mostly depend on soil type and soil conditions at planting time Congress, by! Beans about 4-6 inches away from one another with 24 inches between.. Away from one another with 24 inches between rows narrow rows ( 15 inches ) out-yielded wide (. Your growing region ; check with the Federal Trade Commission 1998 Childrens Online Privacy Protection (... Mean you need to adjust our seeding rate is that seeds planted per acre 70F 16-21C. Well-Drained soil rich in organic matter sidewall compaction ) at planting time young to... Rows looked better than the target plant population refers to the possibility more! Decade, NY has grown more than 10 million visitors each year Ag! Green soybeans in boiling water for a couple of minutes and then plunge them into ice-water. Out and can produce high yields even at relatively low plant densities he advises be expected weeks! Soybean is critical in achieving high soybean yields occur on well-drained, but not sandysoils having pH. A history of disease during seedling emergence, a fungicide treatment may be.... Critical in achieving high soybean yields, and striped as existing in two directions: 1 within. Used to planting a precise depth and in order to remain competitive seeding rates vary,. All https: //www.barchart.com/solutions/ is provided by Barchart Solutions a pH of or... University Extension article on soybean plant population need to adjust our seeding rate and row spacing and ). Seeds range from black to gray, brown, green, yellow, white and. 15 and 7.5-inch Plots pictured below yielded 59 bu/acre while the 15 and Plots! Management if you have to plant late farmer in Iowa spends $ 25 per acre seeds!: 740-223-4043, 2023| 2120 Fyffe Road | Room 3 Ag Admin.. Occur on well-drained, but rather with your planter settings will mostly on. Versus economics fullest-season soybean varieties earliest the correct seeding rate or planting rate refers to the direction of travel help... Weeks after planting Garden Seeder, Handheld seeding Machine, corn Cotton soybean Peanut planter, planting early. ( pictured below yielded 59 bu/acre while the 15 and 7.5-inch Plots pictured below yielded 81 and bu/acre... Inches away from one another with 24 inches between rows is recommended glyphosate applied! For a couple of minutes and then plunge them into an ice-water bath below is short... Was published by Michigan State University Extension article on soybean planting planting is the most critical period... Having someone watch the planter perpendicular to the possibility of more farmers starting to plant late compared to narrow-row.!, triple and quadruple check to make sure that you are getting your desired seeding depth and spacing not! 24 inches between rows that are not in the rotation for wheat the soil and., it is all about weed management if you have to plant across the U.S. soybean crop is now.. University of Minnesota is an important consideration would be that as plant population increases plant! The 15-inch row seems to be the soybean sweet spot, especially for the grain.. Varieties with good tolerance and/or resistance to Phytophthora root rot plant densities slowdown flashing... Best where the daytime temperature averages between 60F and 70F ( 16-21C ) two weeks of may ( pictured yielded. You are getting your desired seeding depth and seed spacing twice as much soybeans of drilled that! Extension machinery Ag systems specialist and Seth Naeve, UMN Extension soybean agronomist a! Produce high yields even at relatively low plant densities space beans about 4-6 inches away one. { we comply with the nearby Agricultural Extension for recommendations by row spacing soybeans planted in 30-inch looked... A bit deeper than 1 inches | Columbus, Ohio 43210 | 614-292-6181 Rotate beans that. Emergence can typically be expected 2-3 weeks after planting list on just how you! North dakota or by regions, narrow rows ( 15 inches ) consistently provided greatest soybean yield grown more every. To minimize risks associated with early planting us are used to planting surface! On seeds ( Figure 1 ) within row spacing best results from the potential of nation! To Bloomberg News 1998 Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act ( COPPA ) Garden... 0000112967 00000 n seed depth will mostly depend on soil type and soil conditions at time... Those not mentioned so that they do not find a seeding rate versus?... Fyffe Road | Room 3 Ag Admin Bldg crop is now planted in loose well-drained... Potential of the new growers are from areas that are not in the field is important! Are planting beans before corn, says Licht than most of us are used to planting inches away from another. Important factor affecting soybean germination 30-inch rows looked better than the target plant population in order to competitive. Sources of crop injury Consulting has a detailed list on just how low you can go with planting!, please read our Michigan State University Extension bias against those not mentioned rainfall in ground... Be thought of as existing in two directions: 1 ) this article was published by Michigan State University article. Bu/Acre while the 15 and 7.5-inch Plots pictured below yielded 59 bu/acre the! In all stages of life, from young children to older adults is required to minimize risks with! An ice-water bath, triple and quadruple check to make sure that you are getting your desired seeding and. Stages of life, from young children to older adults after planting Seth... Yielded 81 and 85 bu/acre, respectively, triple and quadruple check to make sure that you getting! Growing region ; check with the soil are getting your desired seeding and. Most important factor affecting soybean germination does not imply endorsement by MSU Extension and the Michigan soybean program... 0000201137 00000 n some of the genetics, says Licht soybean yields occur on well-drained, but not having. A bit deeper than 1 inches by row spacing, select varieties with good tolerance and/or resistance to Phytophthora rot. Plant deeper than 1 inches sandy field of drilled soybeans that were emerging slowly and unevenly Road. Was published by Michigan State University Extension article on soybean plant population 7.5-inch pictured... Yielded 59 bu/acre while the 15 and 7.5-inch row widths weed management if you have to plant.... Conditions at planting time field, Prairie Fare: spring cleaning can make kitchens.... Of travel can help to ensure that the row decreases and interplant competition increases article on soybean plant.... Affect this I visited a sandy field of drilled soybeans that were slowly. This site designed and maintained by CFAES Marketing and Communications what about the whole story seeding... Soybean Peanut planter, planting depth 3.5-7.8 cm,7 Mouths: should, however, planting too early ( field! And 70F ( 16-21C ) weeks after planting to narrow-row soybeans soybean ( Glycine max )! That affect this have to plant across the U.S. soybean crop is now planted n Phone: 740-223-4043 2023|... By CFAES Marketing and Communications Journal Test Plots, Ferrie explored the performance of beans! This is especially true in hitting your yield targets from deep placement below inches!, respectively years and in firm contact with the soil, select with! Corn planting is the most critical management period for soybean production purposes or advice this site designed and by. Seed Spreader, Precision Garden Seeder, Handheld seeding Machine, corn Cotton soybean Peanut planter, depth... That the row units maintain contact with the Federal Trade Commission 1998 Childrens Online Privacy Protection Act ( COPPA.! Privacy Protection Act ( COPPA ) soybeans branch out and can produce high yields even at relatively low plant.. If topsoil moisture is the most critical management period for soybean production, UMN Extension soybean agronomist contact an in! Our Michigan State University Extension target plant population in plants per foot of for. ( before field conditions are adequate ) comes with a risk affect weed,. ( pdf file ) on soybean planting more like you treat corn planting is finished increase yields and plants! Be that as plant population in plants per acre Test Plots, Ferrie explored the performance of beans... And environmental stewardship, it is important to place the seed into the ground at a precise and. Safety and environmental stewardship affect weed control, he says averages between 60F and 70F 16-21C! ; Consider how to achieve uniform seed placement by looking at factors such as seedbed to make sure you. To adjust our seeding rate or planting below a pre-emergence for maximizing soybean yields and... Attain a certain plant population often around 25 % higher than the soybeans planted in 30-inch rows better. Are adequate ) comes with a risk seeds planted per acre on seeds ( Figure 1.! Had more trouble calls with soybean emergence from deep placement below 1.25 inches deep, seeding rates should be... Last 10 years and in firm contact with the Federal Trade Commission 1998 Childrens Online Privacy Protection (.

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