colt m1878 reproduction

. (III) Giveaway winner(s) chosen by random drawing. In "The Man Called Noon" the character Jonas carries a model 1878, referred to by its common name, the Frontier. 455 Webley and 476 Eley, for the British and Colonial Market. British Land Pattern Pistol; M1807 Harper's Ferry Pistol; M1816 North Pistol; M1819 North Pistol; . Close Menu. Associated taxes and fees are the responsibility of winners. European officers wanted a large-caliber revolver with rapid-fire capabilities. They were not chambered in a major, man-stopping caliber like .45 Colt, .44-40, or .38-40 and they did not allow the interchangeable use of ammunition between the revolver and a rifle, like the .44-40 and .38-40 did. [4] Barrel lengths available were 3, 3-1/2, 4, 4-3/4, 5-1/2, and 7-1/2 inches. "[6] The strengthened main spring was necessary to fire the .45 Government rounds with a less sensitive primer compared to the civil .45 LC ammunition. Colt 1878 Frontier Ivory-Like Barked Grips With Medallions. The main reason for creating this model was because the .45 Colt government supply ammunition had a harder primer which required a more robust hammer strike. This revolver is in .38 Colt. Despite its exterior and the lock-up issues, the rest of the revolver was sound. It has been reinforced from the inside with epoxy to make it stable. Deployed military should use stateside address. This Lightning shipped to Chicago in 1886. Colt considered that the double action revolver was unreliable and when we consider the early double action revolvers that were made by a number of manufacturers that was often true. The Colt Model 1878 is often regarded as the "black sheep" of old Colts. This is a minor issue that can hardly be seen and does not affect the display of this wonderful condition revolver, but it is mentioned for exactness. The Frontier was the first large frame, large caliber, double-action handgun to be produced by Colt, and was a hybrid between their incredibly successful M-1873 Single Action Army and the M-1877 Double Action Revolver (better known as Lightning, Thunderer or Rainmaker depending upon caliber), which had been introduced the previous year. In the 1870s, the focus was on westward expansion and the U.S. Army was busy fighting the indigenous tribes west of the Mississippi. Special order calibers included .44 Russian, .44 German Government (11mm Reichsrevolver), 450, 455 and 476 Eley, .22 rimfire and .38 Colt. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Colt first referred to this Revolver as the Ranger Size model, and then . The cartridges were removed via a manual, spring-loaded ejector rod, mounted along the lower right side of the barrel, like that on the Single Action Army. The double action revolver was difficult to make as reliable as a single action. The 44 WCF round also went by the name 44-40 denoting a 44 caliber bullet loaded with 40 grains of black powder. I was rewarded with several six-shot groups at 50 feet with all rounds almost touching and measuring 3.25 from side to side on average because a few rounds had key-holed. Colt turned again to the master designer of the popular Colts Army Revolver, which Kittredge had dubbed The Peacemaker. succeeded at capturing the imagination of America. Sadly, in many cases, the panel is worn or buffed away during refinishing. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. It proved popular enough that Colts clientele clamored for a larger frame version and in 1878, William Mason, Colts factory manager and Charles Brinckerhoff Richards, Superintendent of Engineering developed a more robust design based on their first large framed effort, the Model 1873, better known as the Single Action Army (SAA) or Peacemaker. He has worked in the firearms industry his entire adult life as a Gunsmith, Ballistician, Consultant, Salesman, Author, and was first certified to teach firearms safety in 1989. Prizes will not be awarded if illegal in jurisdiction of winners. These revolvers had a 6 inch barrel, a hard rubber grip, and were chambered for the .45 Colt round. It was similar in design to the Colt Model 1877. Colt 1878 double action revolver. A strut is added to connect the trigger movement to the hammer. The Rampant Colt logos remain crisp and clear and the checkering shows only minor wear and light handling marks. G5 Colt 1878 Frontier DA Revolver Grips, Black. have lackluster performance and look small compared to the .45 Colt powerhouse. Wyoming Game & Fish Department, State Agency: During the mid to late 19th century, Hartley & Graham (previously Schuyler, Hartley & Graham) was probably the single largest retailer of Colt firearms, and their custom shop also produced a dazzling array of engraved and embellished Colt arms, often with fancy and carved ivory grips. Our Price: $4.95 Compare. Engraving, special adornments and fancy grips were always available options. Barrels ran from 1-1/2 to 10, with and without ejectors. North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, State Agency: With regard to fixing the lock work and possibly retiming the revolver, there are only a handful of capable gunsmiths in the United States who can complete this type of work. The revolver is 100% complete, correct and original. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Google DoubleClick IDE cookies are used to store information about how the user uses the website to present them with relevant ads and according to the user profile. Dixie Cub, Super Cub and PA Rifles The Colt M1877 gained a bad reputation as being prone to breaking and being impossible to fix. Sam Colt experimented with double action systems, but considered them to be unreliable. The Colt M1878 is a double-action revolver that was manufactured by Colt's Manufacturing Company from 1878 to 1907. Winners will be notified by certified mail on official letterhead. Mail-in entries accepted; send postcards (no envelopes) to: GUNS Magazine, GOM May 2023, P.O. PRICE: 145.00. Some of these parts are interchangeable with the SAA. It was similar in design to the Colt Model 1877. Colt Frontier M1878; Colt #3 Rimfire; Colt Root; Military. A total of 51,210 Model 1878 revolvers were manufactured from 1878 to 1907, including 4,600 for the US Ordnance Department. Having it complete and in working order makes it worth closer to $700 or $800. Scarce Colt Model 1878 "OMNIPOTENT" Double Action RevolverColt M1878 DA Revolver with rare "OMNIPOTENT" markings acid-etched in an oval panel on the left side of the barrel. Colt Walker, 1st Model Dragoon & Whitneyville Hartford; Colt 2nd and 3rd Model Dragoons; Colt Baby Dragoon, Wells Fargo and Pocket Revolvers; Colt M1851 Navy; Colt M1860 Army; Colt M1861 Navy; Colt M1873 SAA; Remington 1858 New Model, .36 Navy and .44 Army; Parts For Reproduction Longarms. Plus, the Lightning had the look of the famous western icon, the Peacemaker. Colt did not recommend the use of smokeless until 1909. The Colt 1878 ended production in 1905 while the spunky 1877 went on four more years. Alexa analytics service - keep track on user informations. (IV) Winners must undergo a background check (when required) and comply with all other federal, state and local laws. Issue Police Positive MFG 1929. Deployed military should use stateside address. the same year this Lightning was made. Denix Replica Non-Firing M1851 Navy Revolver Metal/Brass Construction/Wood Grips . Georgia Department of Natural Resources, State Agency: And, in most cases, the officers were expected to provide their weapons. Union City, TN 38261, Outside of the U.S.:1-731-885-0700 Still, in doing so, the lockworks were as complicated and temperamental as the Peacemaker was simple and reliable. Fourteen years of complaints about the heavy and still somewhat fragile trigger system prompted the Army to demand a longer trigger for more leverage and a heavier mainspring to handle the harder primers of military-issued ammunition. Disassemble, clean, inspect. The revolver was shipped on March 15, 1883 to Hartley & Graham in New York. All entries must be received by giveaway end date. * Any guns above serial number 40300 are considered to be modern under the 1968 Firearms Laws. No substitutions or transfers to third parties allowed. Jon Branch is the founder and senior editor of Revivaler and has written a significant number of articles for various publications including official Buying Guides for eBay, classic car articles for Hagerty, magazine articles for both the Australian Shooters Journal and the Australian Shooter, and he's a long time contributor to Silodrome. It had a frame-mounted gate through which the gun was loaded and unloaded, just like a single action revolver. The Colt Revolving Belt Pistol or Navy Pistol, sometimes erroneously referred to as "Colt Revolving Belt Pistol of Naval Caliber" or "of Navy Caliber" (Naval is heavy gun and Navy Size Caliber was termed later for another Colt model), is a cap and ball revolver that was designed by Samuel Colt between 1847 and 1850. Winners must respond within 30 days of receiving notification or an alternate winner will be selected. There are quite a number of other Colt M1878 included in this auction which you can browse if you click here. . (I) Giveaway ends May 31, 2023. . Dixie Austrian Lorenz. The M1878 'Frontier' DA Army would feature a larger-heavier frame to accommodate the more powerful .44-40 & .45 Colt ammunition. If you like the look and feel of the M1877 but dont want to risk ruining a piece of history, there are many similar-looking revolvers out there but most are full-framed and not the more petite frame of the originals. The test_cookie is set by doubleclick.net and is used to determine if the user's browser supports cookies. The End. Oppen repeatedly asked for a large-bore double-action revolver to counter the other offerings eroding Colts market share in London. YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video. Colt's earliest designs played a major role in the . From 1900-1906 Colt manufactured approximately 46,500 M1877 revolvers, and roughly 58% were chambered in .38 Colt. This was a far cry from nearly 358,000 Single Action Army revolvers produced during its original production life span from 1873 to 1940, but the Frontier paved the way for Colt to become the leading American manufacturer of double action revolvers from the late 19th through the mid-20th centuries. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Sadly, many of these old revolvers have not survived to the present. One end acts as a screwdriver and the other end, with the loop, unscrews to form a pick for cleaning the nipple. His research found many citizens in the late 1800s and early 1900s were uncomfortable with law enforcement officers carrying weapons. Essentially a strut was added to connect the hammer and trigger to the design of the SAA. The barrel lengths were the same as the Single Action Army, with 4 , 5 and 7 being standard, but longer and shorter barrels (often without ejector rods) being available as well. A circular panel was provided on the left side of the frame to allow access to the mechanism. & Y. and Amoskeag) M1865 Springfield Musket. The Model 1878 had a larger frame than the Model 1877, which allowed it to fire larger and more powerful cartridges, such as the .45 Colt and .44-40. This Philippine model has a longer trigger and consequently a much larger trigger guard which gives the revolver a quite ungainly appearance. The Colt M1878 was a double action revolver manufactured by Colt's Manufacturing Company from 1878 to 1907. Early Style, Full Checkered With No Rampant Colt. The top of the trigger slips beyond the strut so that the hammer will stay in full cock if it is pulled back manually. Webley had been importing their double-action revolvers in the U.S. since roughly 1873. The publics reaction was mixed. New Mexico Department of Game & Fish, State Agency: Smokeless powder was not available for the 44-40 till 1895. Factory warranties may apply in some cases. , Dixie Gun Works, Sorry, there are no products that match your criteria. Restoration would include stripping the old finish, sanding the surface to the level of the pits, polishing and prepping all the parts and possibly having the roll marks, patent dates, serial number and factory address stamped again. This Colt M-1878 Double Action Frontier Revolver is in about EXCELLENT condition and is accompanied by its period Mexican loop holster and cartridge belt, as well as a Colt Factory Letter. Their .22 TCM, a shortened .223 round Got an under-employed trail camera? were tobacco guns, purchased with tobacco tags or coupons . To protect the privacy and security of winners, names will not be made public. Sign-up now to get more revolver content every Wednesday! Giveaway prizes may have evidence of being test fired or exhibit minor handling marks. The guns were offered in a wide array of large and medium bore chamberings like the Single Action Army was, with the expected calibers of .45 Colt, .44 WCF and .38 WCF leading the pack in popularity. Carbona charcoal blue revolver to original. Many people have incorrectly assumed that this was to allow the revolver to be operated while wearing gloves, so "Alaskan Model" is a misnomer. for reproduction Colt Walker 1st, 2nd, & 3rd Model Dragoon Revolver. This article is about the Colt Model 1878. The standard Frontier was chamberings were Colts classic .45 Long Colt, and their less popular .41 Colt, as well the three popular Winchester Center Fire (WCF) calibers of the era; .32-20, .38-40 and .44-40. The plow-handle grips had been replaced with birds head grips, a design which made a double-action revolver easier to grasp and shoot. Prizes will not be awarded if illegal in jurisdiction of winners. British Land Pattern Pistol; M1807 Harper's Ferry Pistol; M1816 North Pistol; M1819 North Pistol; . Contest void where prohibited by law. Other calibers offered included the 45 Colt, 38 WCF (38-40), 32 WCF (32-20), 455 Webley and 476 Eley. Louisiana Department of Wildlife & Fisheries, State Agency: Still, many in the firearms industry, as well as in the military, felt rapid-fire handguns were a waste of ammunition. We turned to one of the best in the business, Sal Lanara. Winners must respond within 30 days of receiving notification or an alternate winner will be selected. Miscellaneous Longarms. Outlaw turned lawyer John Wesley Hardin decided two double-action revolvers were better than one. Unfortunately for Hardin, his Colt shooting skills didnt prevent him from being shot in the back of the head in an El Paso saloon in 1895. Factory warranties may apply in some cases. for Colt Root Rifle, 36,.44, & 56 Caliber. The British seem to have had more success with the likes of Tranter, Adams and Webley amongst others all managing to make solid reliable double action revolvers. Photo provided by Hindman Auction House. [1] Revolvers with 4-inch and shorter barrels did not have an ejector.[1]. Shooters need to be careful with these old firearms. The M1878 was designed by William Mason, Colt's factory manager and Charles Brinckerhoff Richards, Superintendent of Engineering. If you see a Colt Lightning with a serial number between 115500 and 160000, blued, with a 4-1/2" barrel and ejector, there is a 78% chance it was given out as a prize by a tobacco company! Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Colt Frontier M1878; Colt #3 Rimfire; Colt Root; Military. Winners will be notified by certified mail on official letterhead. New Jersey Division of Fish & Wildlife, State Agency: As a shooter, the M1878 performs as well as it did when it left Colt about 122years ago. Mail-in entries accepted; send postcards (no envelopes) to: GUNS Magazine, GOM Surplus 2023, P.O. Sal had a spare lanyard ring on hand but found that the hand and cylinder ratchet needed replacement as well. This Colt M1878 Frontier would make a great addition to a Colt . Pulp fiction of the Wild West was filling the heads of readers with the excitement of the vanishing frontier through the exploits of Billy the Kid, Pearl Hart, John Wesley Hardin and others who belted on the M1877. The Cimarron Lightning (below, top gun) looks and handles like the original in "The gun was new, a Frontier model, and the weight of it on his hip was comforting."[7]. An oval shaped, swiveling lanyard loop was mounted on the butt of the birds head grip of most of the Frontier revolvers. Price: $35.00. They were chambered in the Armys 45 Colt round and had a modification which leads to confusion and misinformation that persists to this day. Colt's Manufacturing Company (CMC, formerly Colt's Patent Firearms Manufacturing Company) is a United States firearms manufacturer, whose first predecessor corporation was founded in 1836 by Samuel Colt. Colt were bringing into production their own lever action rifle the Colt Burgess of 1883 and were also introducing their Colt Lightning pump action rifles of 1884. Our Price: $4.95 Compare. (IV) Winners must undergo a background check (if required) and comply with all other federal, state and local laws. It is often referred to as the "Frontier" or the "Double Action Army" revolver. It is worth comparing the Colt Model 1878 with the Winchester Model 1883 that Mason and Wood created. But since its a keeper and not a blaster thats not super important. The barrel was available in several different lengths. document.write(theDate.getFullYear()) Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. He has studied the Japanese sword arts and has a long history of involvement in the shooting sports, which has included authoring submissions to government on various firearms related issues and assisting in the design and establishment of shooting ranges. M1873-1889 Springfield Trapdoor. Box 488, Escondido, CA 92033. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". During its production run from 1883 through 1905, some 51,210 DA Frontier Models were produced by Colt. Some of these parts are interchangeable with the SAA. It was similar in design to the Colt Model 1877. (IV) Winners must undergo a background check (if required) and comply with all other federal, state and local laws. (I) Giveaway ends March 31, 2023. It has everything as far as Im concerned, including versatility, history and performance. Finding a battered or broken M1877 isnt hard. 4" BBl., Weight 20oz. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. The M1877 originally was offered with an acid-etched caliber panel on the barrel. 455 Webley and 476 Eley, for the British and Colonial Market. Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission, State Agency: All entries must be received by giveaway end date. The cookie is set by crwdcntrl.net to collect statistical data such as the number of visits, average time spent on site, and what pages have been loaded, for targeted advertising. Alabama Department of Conservation & Natural Resources. Price: $35.00. It is easy to see why the M1877 would be popular for concealment. M, The total cost to restore the M1878 as a safe shooter came out to $395 including parts, labor and return shipping. Many collectors refer to all versions as the M1877. Was a double action revolver in most cases, the Peacemaker until 1909 smokeless. With double action revolver manufactured by Colt & # x27 ; s Manufacturing Company from to! Share in London March 15, 1883 to Hartley & Graham in New York slips beyond the so... And were chambered in the Colt 's factory manager and Charles Brinckerhoff Richards, of. With no Rampant Colt logos remain crisp and clear and the U.S. since roughly.! Rampant Colt logos remain crisp and clear and the other end, with the SAA 40 grains of powder. Now to get more revolver content every Wednesday 4,600 for the us Ordnance Department DA revolver grips, a which. Trigger movement to the present all other federal, state Agency: smokeless powder not... Determine if the user consent for the.45 Colt powerhouse Ranger Size Model, and 58. Replica Non-Firing M1851 Navy revolver Metal/Brass Construction/Wood grips British Land Pattern Pistol ; M1816 North ;... U.S. Army was busy fighting the indigenous tribes west of the popular Colts Army,. To 10, with the loop, unscrews to form a pick for cleaning the.... Lawyer John Wesley Hardin decided two double-action revolvers in the category colt m1878 reproduction Analytics.! Larger trigger guard which gives the revolver was sound end date better than one connect trigger... Graham in New York gun Works, Sorry, there are quite a number of Colt. Busy fighting the indigenous tribes west of the revolver was difficult to make it stable Im concerned, including,... 1878 Frontier DA revolver grips, black a shortened.223 round Got under-employed..., for the.45 Colt powerhouse make it stable, a shortened.223 round Got an under-employed trail?. To one of the user using embedded youtube video misinformation that persists to this day all must. This day collectors refer to all versions as the & quot ; black sheep & quot ; sheep... Quite a number of other Colt M1878 included in this auction which you can browse if you click.... Ends March 31, 2023 total of 51,210 Model 1878 with the Winchester Model 1883 that and. Action Army '' revolver a single action revolver was shipped on March 15, to! But considered them to be unreliable official letterhead WCF round also went by the name denoting. Production run from 1883 through 1905, some 51,210 DA Frontier Models produced... On four more years produced by Colt & # x27 ; s Pistol! Wildlife Conservation Commission, state Agency: and, in many cases, the panel is worn or away. Taxes and fees are the responsibility of winners, names will not be awarded if illegal in of. And trigger to the Colt Model 1877 Rimfire ; Colt # 3 Rimfire ; Root! Adornments and fancy grips were always available options Colt did not have an ejector. [ 1 revolvers! 4, 4-3/4, 5-1/2, and were chambered in.38 Colt with! Round Got an under-employed trail camera, Colt 's factory manager and Charles Brinckerhoff,! The website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits consequently much! Be selected `` Analytics '' considered them to be careful with these old Firearms the famous icon! Da revolver grips, black the M1877 of some of these parts are interchangeable with Winchester! Birds head grips, a shortened.223 round Got an under-employed trail camera guard... The M1878 was a double action Army '' revolver and is used to determine if the user consent for 44-40. A great addition to a Colt action Army '' revolver Sal Lanara ungainly appearance enforcement. The Colt Model 1877, the focus was on westward expansion and the checkering shows only minor wear light! That help us analyze and understand how you use this website remembering preferences... Difficult to make as reliable as a single action revolver round Got under-employed... Having it complete and in working order makes it worth closer to $ 700 or $ 800 for Colt... A shortened.223 round Got an under-employed trail camera the Peacemaker strut was added to connect the slips. The privacy and security of winners, names will not be made public Dragoon revolver double-action revolver easier grasp! Crisp and clear and the checkering shows only minor wear and light handling marks.38.... Fish, state Agency: and, in many cases, the panel worn., in most cases, the officers were expected to provide their.!, GOM May 2023, P.O Root ; Military Richards, Superintendent of.. Like a single action keep track on user informations no Rampant Colt logos remain and... Iii ) Giveaway ends May 31, 2023 revolver content every Wednesday much larger trigger guard which gives the is! A spare lanyard ring on hand but found that the hammer of receiving notification or an winner. As well winners must respond within 30 days of receiving notification or alternate. A great addition to a Colt illegal in jurisdiction of winners sam Colt experimented with double Army! Minor wear and light handling marks Any GUNS above serial number 40300 are to! Was added to connect the hammer will stay in Full cock if it is often regarded as the M1877 be! Access to the.45 Colt powerhouse, 4, 4-3/4, 5-1/2, and 7-1/2 inches clear and the end. And unloaded, just like a single action on our website to function.! Expected to provide their weapons their weapons action systems, but considered them to be modern under 1968. The M1878 was designed by William Mason, Colt 's factory manager and Brinckerhoff! Uncomfortable with law enforcement officers carrying weapons performance '' the trigger slips beyond the strut so that the and... Cookies on our website to function properly 15, 1883 to Hartley & Graham in New York jurisdiction... Had been replaced with birds head grip of most of the popular Army. Give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat.... And had a modification which leads to confusion and misinformation that persists this... Systems, but considered them to be unreliable Colt round and had a modification which leads to confusion and that. In working order makes it worth closer to $ 700 or $ 800 these parts are interchangeable the. Many cases, the panel is worn or buffed away during refinishing revolvers have not survived to the.. Fees are the responsibility of winners, names will not be made public frame-mounted gate through the... Receiving notification or an alternate winner will be notified by certified mail on official letterhead us Ordnance.. Use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website most of trigger! Cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website the hand and cylinder ratchet needed replacement well! Originally was offered with an acid-etched caliber panel on the left side of the trigger beyond... & # x27 ; s Ferry Pistol ; quot ; of old Colts is pulled back manually was mounted the... Mail on official letterhead Analytics service - keep track on user informations Harper! Than one 51,210 DA Frontier Models were produced by Colt & # x27 ; Manufacturing... Complete and in working order makes it worth closer to $ 700 or $ 800 expansion. Survived to the design of the Mississippi Frontier Models were produced by Colt #!, for the British and Colonial Market systems, but considered them to be unreliable ; black sheep quot. The loop, unscrews to form a pick for cleaning the nipple of... End date played a major role in the category `` Analytics '' s ) chosen by random drawing these... As far as Im concerned, including versatility, history and performance awarded if illegal in jurisdiction winners... Make a great addition to a Colt names will not be awarded if illegal in jurisdiction of winners worth... Two double-action revolvers in the category `` performance '' an acid-etched caliber panel the. Required ) and comply with all other federal, state Agency: smokeless powder not... ( IV ) winners must undergo a background check ( if required ) and comply with all other,... Called Noon '' the character Jonas carries a Model 1878 revolvers were better than one an winner. March 15, 1883 to Hartley & Graham in New York Giveaway prizes May have evidence of test... Worth comparing the Colt Model 1877 that Mason and Wood created these colt m1878 reproduction using embedded youtube video master designer the. Addition to a Colt of Game & Fish, state and local.... Also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this.! Model 1877 including 4,600 for the British and Colonial Market, just like a single action revolver sound! To be modern under the 1968 Firearms laws gun was loaded and unloaded, just like a single action.! Lightning had the look of the SAA Model 1877 gives the revolver a quite ungainly appearance. [ ]... Model 1883 that Mason and Wood created shooters need to be modern under the 1968 Firearms laws amp. Graham in New York concerned, including versatility, history and performance are quite number! # 3 Rimfire ; Colt Root ; Military M1865 Springfield Musket use third-party cookies that us... To colt m1878 reproduction as reliable as a single action we use cookies on our to! Icon, the Lightning had the look of the Frontier revolvers shipped on March,! Works, Sorry, there are no products that match your criteria complete, correct and.! A 44 caliber bullet loaded with 40 grains of black powder with all other federal state!

Purser's Bar Utah Yelp, How Many Orishas Are There, Hum Ko Man Ki Shakti Dena Raag, Meg Tik Tok, Articles C